first principles
Say it: first PRIN-suh-pulz /ˌfəːst ˈprɪnsɪp(ə)lz/ · noun
What “first principles” means
Basic truths you use to work something out from scratch.
More precisely: The most basic truths of a subject, used to reason from scratch rather than by copying others.
When to use it
In serious problem-solving, when you question familiar methods and build your answer from the most basic facts.
Memory trick
Think of building from foundations: start with what must be true.
Similar words
fundamentals, basics, foundations
Quick check
Instead of copying existing coolers, you start by asking how heat moves and what blocks it. What are you reasoning from?
first principles or rules of thumb?
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first principles
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